人们如何思考，感受和行为，主要是对其人格特征的代表。通过意识到我们正在与之打交道或决定处理的个人的个性特征，无论其类型如何，人们都可以胜任地改善这种关系。随着基于互联网的通信基础架构（社交网络，论坛等）的兴起，那里发生了相当多的人类通信。这种交流中最突出的工具是以书面和口语形式的语言，可以忠实地编码个人的所有基本人格特征。基于文本的自动人格预测（APP）是基于生成/交换的文本内容的个人个性的自动预测。本文提出了一种基于文本的应用程序的新型知识的方法，该方法依赖于五大人格特征。为此，给定文本，知识图是一组相互联系的概念描述，是通过将输入文本的概念与DBPEDIA知识基础条目匹配的。然后，由于实现了更强大的表示，该图被DBPEDIA本体论，NRC情感强度词典和MRC心理语言数据库信息丰富。之后，现在是输入文本的知识渊博的替代方案的知识图被嵌入以产生嵌入矩阵。最后，为了执行人格预测，将最终的嵌入矩阵喂入四个建议的深度学习模型，这些模型基于卷积神经网络（CNN），简单的复发性神经网络（RNN），长期短期记忆（LSTM）和双向长短短短术语内存（Bilstm）。结果表明，所有建议的分类器中的预测准确度有了显着改善。

人格检测是心理学和自动人格预测（或感知）（APP）的一个古老话题，是对不同类型的人类生成/交换内容（例如文本，语音，图像，视频，视频）对个性的自动化（计算）预测。这项研究的主要目的是自2010年以来对应用程序的自然语言处理方法进行浅（总体）审查。随着深度学习的出现并遵循NLP的转移学习和预先培训的模型，应用程序研究领域已经成为一个热门话题，因此在这篇评论中，方法分为三个；预先训练的独立，预训练的基于模型的多模式方法。此外，为了获得全面的比较，数据集为报告的结果提供了信息。

他/她在讲话或写作中使用的那些词表现得很重要。由于传播信息基础架构（特别是互联网和社交媒体），人类通讯从面对面的交流中进行了显着改革。通常，自动人格预测（或感知）（APP）是对不同类型的人类生成/交换内容（例如文本，语音，图像，视频等）的人格的自动预测。这项研究的主要目的是从文本中提高应用程序的准确性。为此，我们建议使用五种新的应用程序方法，包括基于术语频率向量，基于本体的，富集基于本体的潜在语义分析（LSA）基于基于本体的频率和基于深度学习（BILSTM）的方法。这些方法是基本方法，可以通过基于分层注意力网络（HAN）作为元模型的集合建模（堆叠）来提高应用程序的准确性。结果表明，整体建模增强了应用程序的准确性。

通过使信息生产和复制民主化的技术，社交媒体中每日互动的很大一部分被谣言感染了。尽管对谣言检测和验证进行了广泛的研究，但到目前为止，尚未考虑计算谣言传播力量的问题。为了解决这一研究差距，本研究寻求一个模型来计算谣言（SPR）作为基于内容特征的功能的两类功能：虚假谣言（FR）和真实谣言（TR）。为此，将采用Allport和Postman的理论，它声称重要性和歧义是谣言和谣言的力量的关键变量。引入了两个类别的“重要性”（28个功能）和“歧义”（14个功能）的42个内容功能以计算SPR。提出的模型将在两个数据集（Twitter和Telegram）上进行评估。结果表明，（i）虚假谣言文件的传播力量很少不仅仅是真正的谣言。 （ii）两组虚假谣言和真实谣言的SPR平均值之间存在显着差异。 （iii）SPR作为标准可以对区分虚假谣言和真实谣言产生积极影响。

This work presents an actuation framework for a bioinspired flapping drone called Aerobat. This drone, capable of producing dynamically versatile wing conformations, possesses 14 body joints and is tail-less. Therefore, in our robot, unlike mainstream flapping wing designs that are open-loop stable and have no pronounced morphing characteristics, the actuation, and closed-loop feedback design can pose significant challenges. We propose a framework based on integrating mechanical intelligence and control. In this design framework, small adjustments led by several tiny low-power actuators called primers can yield significant flight control roles owing to the robot's computational structures. Since they are incredibly lightweight, the system can host the primers in large numbers. In this work, we aim to show the feasibility of joint's motion regulation in Aerobat's untethered flights.

Flying animals, such as bats, fly through their fluidic environment as they create air jets and form wake structures downstream of their flight path. Bats, in particular, dynamically morph their highly flexible and dexterous armwing to manipulate their fluidic environment which is key to their agility and flight efficiency. This paper presents the theoretical and numerical analysis of the wake-structure-based gait design inspired by bat flight for flapping robots using the notion of reduced-order models and unsteady aerodynamic model incorporating Wagner function. The objective of this paper is to introduce the notion of gait design for flapping robots by systematically searching the design space in the context of optimization. The solution found using our gait design framework was used to design and test a flapping robot.

We study the relationship between adversarial robustness and differential privacy in high-dimensional algorithmic statistics. We give the first black-box reduction from privacy to robustness which can produce private estimators with optimal tradeoffs among sample complexity, accuracy, and privacy for a wide range of fundamental high-dimensional parameter estimation problems, including mean and covariance estimation. We show that this reduction can be implemented in polynomial time in some important special cases. In particular, using nearly-optimal polynomial-time robust estimators for the mean and covariance of high-dimensional Gaussians which are based on the Sum-of-Squares method, we design the first polynomial-time private estimators for these problems with nearly-optimal samples-accuracy-privacy tradeoffs. Our algorithms are also robust to a constant fraction of adversarially-corrupted samples.

Machine reading comprehension (MRC) is a long-standing topic in natural language processing (NLP). The MRC task aims to answer a question based on the given context. Recently studies focus on multi-hop MRC which is a more challenging extension of MRC, which to answer a question some disjoint pieces of information across the context are required. Due to the complexity and importance of multi-hop MRC, a large number of studies have been focused on this topic in recent years, therefore, it is necessary and worth reviewing the related literature. This study aims to investigate recent advances in the multi-hop MRC approaches based on 31 studies from 2018 to 2022. In this regard, first, the multi-hop MRC problem definition will be introduced, then 31 models will be reviewed in detail with a strong focus on their multi-hop aspects. They also will be categorized based on their main techniques. Finally, a fine-grain comprehensive comparison of the models and techniques will be presented.

Multi-hop Machine reading comprehension is a challenging task with aim of answering a question based on disjoint pieces of information across the different passages. The evaluation metrics and datasets are a vital part of multi-hop MRC because it is not possible to train and evaluate models without them, also, the proposed challenges by datasets often are an important motivation for improving the existing models. Due to increasing attention to this field, it is necessary and worth reviewing them in detail. This study aims to present a comprehensive survey on recent advances in multi-hop MRC evaluation metrics and datasets. In this regard, first, the multi-hop MRC problem definition will be presented, then the evaluation metrics based on their multi-hop aspect will be investigated. Also, 15 multi-hop datasets have been reviewed in detail from 2017 to 2022, and a comprehensive analysis has been prepared at the end. Finally, open issues in this field have been discussed.

A major challenge in machine learning is resilience to out-of-distribution data, that is data that exists outside of the distribution of a model's training data. Training is often performed using limited, carefully curated datasets and so when a model is deployed there is often a significant distribution shift as edge cases and anomalies not included in the training data are encountered. To address this, we propose the Input Optimisation Network, an image preprocessing model that learns to optimise input data for a specific target vision model. In this work we investigate several out-of-distribution scenarios in the context of semantic segmentation for autonomous vehicles, comparing an Input Optimisation based solution to existing approaches of finetuning the target model with augmented training data and an adversarially trained preprocessing model. We demonstrate that our approach can enable performance on such data comparable to that of a finetuned model, and subsequently that a combined approach, whereby an input optimization network is optimised to target a finetuned model, delivers superior performance to either method in isolation. Finally, we propose a joint optimisation approach, in which input optimization network and target model are trained simultaneously, which we demonstrate achieves significant further performance gains, particularly in challenging edge-case scenarios. We also demonstrate that our architecture can be reduced to a relatively compact size without a significant performance impact, potentially facilitating real time embedded applications.